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(PTHs). \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631. \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 PTHs. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"design-configuration\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 (HDI). \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 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\u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 75%. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"spacesaving-in-3d-applications\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"improved-reliability\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643. \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"better-thermal-management\">\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"resistance-to-vibration-and-shock\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"highdensity-packaging-capabilities\">\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 HDI. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"reduced-assembly-time-and-costs\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a 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id=\"enhanced-durability-in-dynamic-flexing-applications\">\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062b\u0646\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 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id=\"ability-to-replace-bulky-wire-harnesses\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"potential-for-damage-during-handling-or-assembly\">\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"challenges-in-repairing-or-modifying\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a (EMI) \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"limited-component-placement-options\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"applications-of-flexible-pcbs\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"consumer-electronics\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a 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\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"materials-used-in-flexible-pcbs\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"base-materials-substrates\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0632)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f (PI): PI \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 PI \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 400 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 (CTE)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0641\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a (PET): PET \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0640 PI\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 PET \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0640 PI\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a (PEN): PEN \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 PET\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 PEN \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conductive-materials\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633: \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629:<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b (ED): \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 ED \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 ED \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a HDI.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062f (RA): \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 RA \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 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\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0645\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a: \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"surface-finishes\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>ENIG (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631): ENIG \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0644. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 ENIG \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>HASL (\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646): HASL \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 HASL \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631: \u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>OSP (\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629): OSP \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. OSP \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"manufacturing-process-of-flexible-pcbs\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 PCBs \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 PCBs \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"overview-of-manufacturing-methods\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 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\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 (CTE)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a CTE \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 CTE \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"layer-stackup\">\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0640 PCB \u0645\u0631\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0634\u0631. \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0640 PCB. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 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