{"id":9535,"date":"2024-11-20T08:30:34","date_gmt":"2024-11-20T08:30:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.besterpcba.com\/?p=9535"},"modified":"2024-11-20T08:30:35","modified_gmt":"2024-11-20T08:30:35","slug":"circuit-card-assembly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.besterpcba.com\/ar\/%d8%aa%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a6%d8%b1\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 (CCA) \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 CCA \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645. \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640 CCA\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"types-of-circuit-card-assemblies-and-pcbs\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"types-of-circuit-card-assemblies\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"box-build-assembly\">\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a PCBA\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b PCB \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \"\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\"\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"surface-mount-technology-smt-assembly\">\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a (SMT)<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a SMT \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 CCA \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d PCB. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"throughhole-assembly\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 SMT \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a PCB \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pcb-types\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 PCB<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"singlesided-pcbs\">\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 PCBs \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"doublesided-pcbs\">\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 PCBs \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"multilayer-pcbs\">\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 PCBs \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 4 \u0625\u0644\u0649 12 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c 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class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"rigidflex-pcbs\">\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 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\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 (CCAs) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"circuit-card-assembly-manufacturing-process\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"design-phase\">\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/h3>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 (CCA) \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629: \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (DFM): \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (DFM) \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pcb-fabrication\">\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f: \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 FR-4 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a: \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0634: \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"component-preparation\">\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f (BOM).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645: \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0644. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"soldering-processes\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"reflow-soldering\">\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"wave-soldering\">\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0647\u0631. \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"selective-soldering\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"inspection-and-testing\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"automated-optical-inspection-aoi\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639)<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a (AOI) \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"xray-inspection\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 (BGAs).<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"incircuit-testing-ict\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a)<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"functional-testing\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 (CCA) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"postassembly-processes\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642: \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064d \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"advanced-manufacturing-techniques\">\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 4.0\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quality-control-and-testing-in-circuit-card-assembly\">\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"visual-inspection\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a (ESS) \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a 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\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"quality-standards-and-certifications\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 IPC \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 IPC-A-610 \u0644\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 IPC-J-STD-001 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629. ISO 9001:2015 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"advanced-quality-control-techniques\">\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (SPC) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cleanliness-testing\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u063a\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"design-for-testing-dft\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (DFT)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 DFT. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f (JTAG) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"applications-and-advantages-of-circuit-card-assemblies\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631<\/h2>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"consumer-electronics-applications\">\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u061f \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 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\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"industrial-and-commercial-applications\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"medical-equipment\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 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\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"automotive-electronics\">\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 (ECUs)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 (ADAS)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a 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id=\"highfrequency-rf-circuits\">\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"flexible-electronics\">\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0634\u0626 CCAs \u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c CCAs \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a CCAs \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a CCA \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 CCAs \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"technological-advancements-enabling-new-applications\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 CCA\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 HDI \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629. \u062a\u0641\u062a\u062d PCBs \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 CCAs \u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f PCB. \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 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\u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627<\/h3>\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"visual-inspection\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c 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ICT \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"thermal-imaging\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 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\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a PCB\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 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\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bga-reballing\">\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631 BGA<\/h4>\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0640 BGAs \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631. \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642. \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f 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