{"id":9632,"date":"2025-01-04T13:44:26","date_gmt":"2025-01-04T13:44:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.besterpcba.com\/?p=9632"},"modified":"2025-01-04T13:44:40","modified_gmt":"2025-01-04T13:44:40","slug":"ems-pcba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.besterpcba.com\/ar\/ems-pcba\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 EMS PCBA? \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>EMS PCBA \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 EMS PCBA, \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-ems\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 EMS<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>EMS \u062a\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. EMS \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 (OEMs). \u0647\u0630\u0647 EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629: OEM \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a, \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>EMS \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (NPI):<\/strong> \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 (PCBA):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644:<\/strong> \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 PCBAs \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f:<\/strong> \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 EMS \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-pcba\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 PCBA<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>PCBA \u062a\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629, PCBA \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 (PCB) \u0645\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644. \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629, \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"what-is-ems-pcba\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 EMS PCBA<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>EMS PCBA \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (EMS) \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a (PCBAs). \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627, EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 PCBA \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 (OEMs) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>PCBA EMS \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"benefits-of-using-ems-pcba-services\">\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 EMS PCBA \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u061f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0646\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c PCBAs \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u2013 EMS \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0635\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 ISO 9001. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 PCBAs \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 OEMs \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> EMS \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a PCBA \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 EMS \u0645\u0648\u0641\u0631, \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642. EMS \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637 PCBA \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 PCBA \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"common-applications-of-ems-pcba\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 EMS PCBA<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>EMS PCBA \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 EMS PCBA. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c EMS \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 PCBAs \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 (\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629), \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647, \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u062f\u0633) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. EMS PCBA \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0639 EMS PCBA \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. EMS \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c PCBAs \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649, \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635, \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c), \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631, \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a, \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 PCBAs. EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. EMS PCBA \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"key-components-of-a-pcba\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 PCBA<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u0623 PCBA \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"printed-circuit-board-pcb\">\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 (PCB)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 PCBA \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 FR-4, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0642) \u0645\u0639 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f (\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a\u0646 (\u0645\u0639 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0646) \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627). \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 PCBA. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (Dk):<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 (Df):<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (CTE):<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 CTE \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 CTE \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a (Tg):<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 Tg \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"active-components\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 PCBA. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (ICs):<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 (DACs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646: \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 (BJTs) \u0648 \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 (FETs).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629) \u060c \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"passive-components\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629, \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629, \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a, \u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0641:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0628\u0630\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"mechanical-components\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a, \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 PCBA. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 PCBA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062d:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648 ICs. \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 PCBA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pcba-manufacturing-process\">PCBA \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>PCBA \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"design-and-engineering\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 PCBA \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (EDA) \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636. \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a visual \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u061f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 PCBA. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631, \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629) \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633. \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a):<\/strong> \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 PCBA \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 PCBA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"prototyping\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c PCBA. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 PCBAs \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0647\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"material-procurement\">\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f:<\/strong> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"smt-assembly\">\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u062c\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 (SMT) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 PCBAs \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631, \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0639\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0633\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631:<\/strong> \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u060c PCBA \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062e\u0646 PCBA \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631. <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0635\u0642 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u062f (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0635\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a). \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0633\u0648\u0621 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 PCBA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"throughhole-assembly\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0628<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a, \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645:<\/strong> \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c \u060c PCBA \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 molten. \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631, \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a, \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"inspection-and-testing\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 PCBA \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634:<\/strong> \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a PCBA \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a:<\/strong> \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 PCBA \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639):<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0635 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a PCBA \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 PCBA. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a):<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 &#034;\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#034; \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a (FCT):<\/strong> FCT \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 PCBA \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conformal-coating-and-potting\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u060c PCBA \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a \u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d PCBA. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631, \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a:<\/strong> \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 PCBA \u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0647. <strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f:<\/strong> \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a PCBA \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644, \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"final-assembly-and-box-build\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u060c PCBA \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u060c \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 PCBA \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u060c \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629, \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636, \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a, \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 PCBA \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"design-for-manufacturability-dfm-considerations\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 (\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a) \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 PCBA \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645. \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0627 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644, \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0627 (\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629) \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0646, \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 PCBAs \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"advanced-pcba-technologies\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a. \u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a PCBA \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"highdensity-interconnect-hdi\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 (HDI)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0631\u0628\u0637 (HDI) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 PCBAs. HDI \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631) \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Microvias:<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 HDI \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 microvias. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 150 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631-\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. Microvias \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631, \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 PCBA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> HDI \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 HDI \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"systeminpackage-sip\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 (SiP)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 (SiP) \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (ICs) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f PCBA \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646:<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629, SiP \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646 PCBA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629:<\/strong> \u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a SiP:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641:<\/strong> \u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0634\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"embedded-components\">\u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 PCBA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646:<\/strong> \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0646 PCBA.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a (EMI):<\/strong> \u062a\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 EMI \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong> \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pcba-testing-and-quality-control\">PCBA \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 PCBA \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 PCBA \u064a\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"incircuit-testing-ict\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a) \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 PCBA. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 &#034;\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631&#034; \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>PCBA \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628, \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631. \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0649 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 PCBA \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 PCBAs:<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 PCBAs \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"functional-testing-fct\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a (FCT)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a (FCT) \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 PCBA. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a, FCT \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a PCBA \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>PCBA \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 PCBA \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 PCBA \u0648\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 PCBA. \u0623\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f FCT:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/strong> FCT \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 PCBA, \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"automated-optical-inspection-aoi\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 (\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639) \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0635 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631, \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0635 PCBAs \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 PCBAs \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062e\u0628\u0623\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 (\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0628\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 (\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0628).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"xray-inspection\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a PCBA. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645, \u0634\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a BGA (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 Grid Array) \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0631 PCBA, \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 PCBAs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 PCBAs:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 PCBAs \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644, \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645, \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062d\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"reliability-testing\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 PCBA \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 PCBA \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> PCBA \u064a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0634.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> PCBA \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> PCBA \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0643 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0636\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631:<\/strong> PCBA \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 PCBA \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pcba-failure-analysis-techniques\">PCBA \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 PCBA \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 PCBAs.<\/p>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"visual-inspection\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a PCBA \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0632 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"crosssectioning\">\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0621<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 PCBA \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0645, \u0641\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631) \u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Microstructural \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644:<\/strong> \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a (\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621), \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 (\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0648 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631) \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"scanning-electron-microscopy-sem\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (SEM)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a (SEM) \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d PCBA. SEM \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>SEM \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644) \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"energy-dispersive-xray-spectroscopy-eds\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (EDS)<\/h3>\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (EDS) \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 SEM. \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 PCBA. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 SEM \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629, EDS \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>EDS \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d PCBA.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"the-future-of-ems-pcba\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 EMS PCBA<\/h2>\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 EMS PCBA \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 EMS PCBA:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 PCBA \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629, SiP, \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 PCBAs \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629, \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627, \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0639.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641:<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u060c PCBAs \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0628\u0637.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 PCBAs \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 (IoT):<\/strong> \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 (IoT) \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 PCBAs. \u0647\u0630\u0647 PCBAs \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 EMS \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629):<\/strong> \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a 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